Setting the Record Straight: A Reply to Chojnowski's "Three Ways to Read Dabrowski's Theory."

Michael M. Piechowski

doi:10.71358/pw.1856

Opublikowane: 2024-12-01

Tom 72 Nr 30 (2024)

Sprostowanie: Odpowiedź na Chojnowskiego „Trzy sposoby na odczytanie teorii Dąbrowskiego”

Michael M. Piechowski

Dział: Artykuły

https://doi.org/10.71358/pw.1856

Abstrakt

To dziwny przypadek, kiedy jeden autor krytykuje innego autora za coś zupełnie przeciwnego do tego, co ten inny autor napisał. Dane bibliograficzne są, ale ani jednego cytatu do uzasadnienia chybionej krytyki. Celem tej pracy jest dojście do prawdy. W szczególności, Piechowski nigdy nie proponował, by dwa pierwsze poziomy były usunięte z teorii Dąbrowskiego, mimo to Chojnowski twierdzi wielokrotnie, że tak. Potencjał rozwojowy, teorii kluczowe pojęcie, nie tylko figuruje w prawie wszystkich pracach Piechowskiego, on jeszcze wypracował empiryczne równanie na potencjał rozwojowy. Mimo to, Chojnowski twierdzi, że Piechowski uważa potencjał za coś prawie zbędnego na rzecz środowiska. Co więcej, Chojnowski rozwija temat potencjału rozwojowego w zupełnej sprzeczności z tym jak go zdefiniował Dąbrowski. To samo dotyczy idei Chojnowskiego na temat dezintegracji jednopoziomowej. W tym dziwnym przypadku bezkrytyczność recenzentów budzi wątpliwości co do metody aprobowania prac.

Słowa kluczowe:

teoria dezyntegracji pozytywnej, potencjał rozwojowy, integracja pierwotna, dezintegracja jednopoziomowa, samo-aktualizacja, energia psychiczna

Pobierz pliki

PDF

Zasady cytowania

Piechowski, M. M. (2024). Sprostowanie: Odpowiedź na Chojnowskiego „Trzy sposoby na odczytanie teorii Dąbrowskiego”. Psychologia Wychowawcza, 72(30), 165–182. https://doi.org/10.71358/pw.1856

Cited by / Share

Bibliografia

Note. All the Piechowski references can be found on the website of the Dąbrowski Center: https://dabrowskicenter.org/mmp
Google Scholar

Ainsworth, M. D. S., & Wittig, B. A. (1969). Attachment and exploratory behavior of one-year olds in a strange situation. In B. M Foss (Ed.), Determinants of infant behavior (Vol. 4). Methuen.
Google Scholar

Bailey, C. L. (2011). An examination of the relationship between ego development, Dąbrowski’s theory of positive disintegration, and the behavioral characteristics of gifted adolescents. Gifted Child Quarterly, 55(3), 208‒222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0016986211412180
Google Scholar

Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action. Prentice-Hall.
Google Scholar

Bandura, A. (2016). Moral disengagement: How people do harm and live with themselves. Worth.
Google Scholar

Battaglia, M. M. K., Mendaglio, S., & Piechowski, M. M. (2014). Kazimierz Dąbrowski: A life of positive maladjustment. In A. Robinson & J. L. Jolly (Eds.), A century of contributions to gifted education: Illuminating lives (pp. 181–198). Routledge.
Google Scholar

Beach, B. J. (1980). Lesbian and nonlesbian women: Profiles of development and self-actualization. [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of Iowa.
Google Scholar

Bouchet, N. M. (2004). To give or to take? Assessing five levels of moral emotional development. [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of Akron.
Google Scholar

Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment. Basic Books.
Google Scholar

Brennan, T. P. (1987). Case studies of multilevel development. [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Northwestern University.
Google Scholar

Brennan, T. P., & Piechowski, M. M. (1991). A developmental framework for self-actualization: Evidence from case studies. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 31(3), 43-64. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167891313008
Google Scholar

Cathcart, R. (2015). An investigation into the feasibility and significance of identifying potential moral leadership capacity in adolescence. [Unpublished dissertation]. University of Wollongong.
Google Scholar

Chojnowski, D. (2023). Three ways to read Dąbrowski’s Theory: It is not all flat here. Constructing a Neo-Dąbrowskian approach. Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, 36(4), 261‒279. https://doi.org/10.17951/j.2023.36.4.261-279
Google Scholar

Dąbrowski, K. (1938). Typy wzmożonej pobudliwości psychicznej (Types of increased psychic excitability). Biuletyn Instytutu Higieny Psychicznej, 1(3‒4), 3‒26.
Google Scholar

Dąbrowski, K. (1964). Positive disintegration. Little, Brown.
Google Scholar

Dąbrowski, K. (1967). Personality-shaping through positive disintegration. Little, Brown.
Google Scholar

Dąbrowski, K. (1972). Psychoneurosis is not an illness. Gryf.
Google Scholar

Dąbrowski, K. (1975). Foreword. In M. M. Piechowski (1975). A theoretical and empirical approach to the study of development. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 92, 231‒297.
Google Scholar

Dąbrowski, K. (1996). Multilevelness of emotional and instinctive functions, 2 vols. Towarzystwo Naukowe Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego.
Google Scholar

Dąbrowski, K., & Piechowski, M. M. (1969). Les émotions supérieures et l’objectivité d'évaluation. Annales médico-psychologigues, 127(2), 589‒613.
Google Scholar

Dąbrowski, K., & Piechowski, M. M. (1972). Multilevelness of instinctive and emotional functions. Vol. 2: Types and levels of development. Edmonton, Alberta :Department of Psycholoy, the University of Alberta.
Google Scholar

Dąbrowski, K., & Piechowski, M. M. (1977). Theory of levels of emotional development, 2 vols. Dabor Science.
Google Scholar

Dąbrowski, K. (with Kawczak, A., & Piechowski, M. M.). (1970). Mental growth through positive disintegration. Gryf.
Google Scholar

Daniels, S., & Piechowski, M. M. (Eds.), Living with intensity. Great Potential Press.
Google Scholar

Dean, J. (1976). Blind ambition. Simon & Schuster.
Google Scholar

de Waal, F. (2013). The bonobo and the atheist: In search of humanism among the primates. W. W. Norton.
Google Scholar

Eisenberg, N. (1982). The development of prosocial behavior. Academic Press.
Google Scholar

Frank, J. (2006). Portrait of an inspirational teacher of the gifted: A story to tell, a willingness to be heard (Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Calgary). http://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/593
Google Scholar

Frank, J. (2022). A Dąbrowski an perspective on an inspirational teacher of gifted learners. Advanced Development, 19, 100‒133.
Google Scholar

Gage, D. F., Morse, P. A., & Piechowski, M. M. (1981). Measuring levels of emotional development. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 103, 129‒152.
Google Scholar

Gopnik, A. (2009). The philosophical baby. Picador.
Google Scholar

Grant, B. (1988). Four voices: Life history studies of moral development. [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Northwestern University.
Google Scholar

Grant, B. (1990). Moral development: Theories and lives. Advanced Development, 2, 85‒91.
Google Scholar

Grant, B. (1996). “There are exceptions to everything”: Moral relativism and moral commitment in the life of Hope Weiss. Advanced Development, 7, 119‒128.
Google Scholar

Harlow, H. F., & Zimmerman, R. R. (1959). Affectional responses in the infant monkeys. Science, 130, 421‒432.
Google Scholar

Hillesum, E. (2002). Etty: The letters and diaries of Etty Hillesum,1941–1943. (K. A. D. Smelik, Ed.; A. J. Pomerans, Trans.). Eerdmans. (Original work published 1986).
Google Scholar

Hoffman, M. L. (1975). The development of empathy. In P. Rushton & R. M. Sorrentino (Eds.), Altruism and helping behavior: Social, personality, and developmental perspectives. Erlbaum.
Google Scholar

Lysy, K. Z. (1979). Personal growth in counselors and noncounselers: A Jungian and Dąbrowski an approach. [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
Google Scholar

Lysy, K. Z., & Piechowski, M. M. (1983). Personal growth: An empirical study using Jungian and Dąbrowskia n measures. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 108, 267‒320.
Google Scholar

Maslow, A. H. (1970). Motivation and personality. Harper & Row.
Google Scholar

Maslow, A. H. (1971). The farther reaches of human nature. Viking.
Google Scholar

Mayer, J. D., Perkins, D. M., Caruso, D. R., & Salovey, P. (2001). Emotional intelligence and giftedness. Roeper Review, 23, 131‒137.
Google Scholar

Mendaglio, S., & Tillier, W. (2015). Has the time come to emulate Jung? A response to Piechowski’s most recent rethinking of the theory of positive disintegration: I. The case against primary integration. Roeper Review, 37, 219‒228. https://doi.org/10.1080/02783193.2015.1077495
Google Scholar

Miller, N. B. (1985). A content analysis coding system for assessing adult emotional development. [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. University of Denver.
Google Scholar

Miller, N. B., & Silverman, L. K. (1987). Levels of personality development. Roeper Review, 9(4), 221‒225.
Google Scholar

Mróz, A. (2002a). Rozwój osoby według teorii dezyntegracji pozytywnej Kazimierza Dąbrowskiego. [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski.
Google Scholar

Mróz, A. (2002b). The significance of religious, esthetic, and other-oriented moral values in the process of personality development in the model of positive disintegration. In N. Duda (Ed.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on the theory of positive disintegration. Institute for Positive Disintegration in Human Development.
Google Scholar

Mróz, A. (2009). Theory of positive disintegration as a basis for research on assisting development. Roeper Review, 31(2), 96‒102. https://doi.org/10.1080/02783190902737665
Google Scholar

Nicholson, I. (2019). A tale of two methods: Gustave Gilbert, Stanley Milgram, and the “Mysterious Nazi mind” (1945‒1965). Qualitative Psychology, 6, 99‒115. https://doi.org/10.1037/qup0000098
Google Scholar

Palmer, M. (2006). The relationship between levels of development and the elaboration of possible selves. [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University.
Google Scholar

Payne, C. (1987). A psychobiographical study of the emotional development of a controversial protest leader. [Unpublished dissertation]. Northwestern University.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (1974). Two developmental concepts: Multilevelness and developmental potential. Counseling and Values, 18, 86–93.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (1975). A theoretical and empirical approach to the study of development. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 92, 231‒297.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (1978). Self-actualization as a developmental structure: A profile of Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 97, 181‒242.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (1979). Developmental potential. In N. Colangelo & R. T. Zaffrann (Eds.) New Voices in Counseling the Gifted. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (1985). Zdrowie psychiczne jako funkcja rozwoju psychicznego (Mental health as a function of psychological development). In K. Dabrowski (Ed.), Zdrowie psychiczne, (pp. 91‒128). Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (1986). The concept of developmental potential. Roeper Review, 8, 190‒197.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (1989). Developmental potential and the growth of the self. In J. VanTassel-Baska, P. Olszewski-Kubilius (Eds.) Patterns of Influence on Gifted Learners: The Home, the School, and the Self. Teachers College Press.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (1990). Inner growth and transformation in the life of Eleanor Roosevelt. Advanced Development, 2, 3–53.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (1991). Emotional development and emotional giftedness. In N. Colangelo & G. A. Davis (Eds.), Handbook of Gifted Education (pp. 285–306). Allyn & Bacon.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (1992). Etty Hillesum: "The Thinking Heart of the Barracks.” Advanced Development, 4, 105–118.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (1997). Emotional giftedness: The measure of intrapersonal intelligence. In N. Colangelo & G.A. Davis (Eds.), Handbook of Gifted Education, 2nd ed. (pp. 366–381). Allyn & Bacon.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (1999). Overexcitabilities. M. Runco & S. Pritzker (Eds.), Encyclopedia of creativity. Academic Press.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (2002). Experiencing in a higher key: Dąbrowskiʼs theory of and for the gifted. Gifted Education Communicator, 33, 28–31 and 35–36.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (2003). From William James to Maslow and Dąbrowski: Excitability of character and self-actualization. In D. Ambrose, L. Cohen, & A. H. Tannenbaum (Eds.), Creative intelligence: Toward a theoretic integration (pp. 283–322). Hampton Press.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (2008). Discovering Dąbrowskiʼs theory. In S. Mendaglio (Ed.), Dąbrowskiʼs theory of positive disintegration (pp. 41–77). Gifted Potential Press.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (2009). Peace Pilgrim, Exemplar of Level V. Roeper Review, 31, 103–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/02783190902737673
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (2014). Rethinking Dąbrowski’s theory. I. The case against primary integration. Roeper Review, 36, 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/02783193.2013.856829
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (2015). A Reply to Mendaglio and Tillier. Roeper Review, 37, 229–233. https://doi.org/10.1080/02783193.2015.1077496
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (2017). Rethinking Dąbrowski’s Theory. II: It’s not all flat here. Roeper Review, 39, 87–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/02783193.2017.1289487
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. (2020). Lives of positive disintegration. Advanced Development, 18, 1–24.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. & Colangelo, N. (1984). Developmental potential of the gifted. Gifted Child Quarterly, 28, 80–88.
Google Scholar

• Piechowski, M. M. & Cunningham, K. (1985). Patterns of overexcitability in a group of artists. Journal of Creative Behavior, 19, 153–174. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2162-6057.1985.tb00655.x
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. & Miller, N. B. (1995). Assessing developmental potential in gifted children: A comparison of methods. Roeper Review, 17, 176–180.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M., & Tyska, C. (1982). Self-actualization profile of Eleanor Roosevelt. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 105, 95–153.
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M., Silverman, L. K., & Falk, R. F. (1985). Comparison of intellectually and artistically gifted on five dimensions of mental functioning. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 60, 539–549. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1985.60.2.539
Google Scholar

Piechowski, M. M. & Wells, C. (2021). Re-examining overexcitability: A framework for understanding intense experience. In T. L. Cross & J. R. Cross (Eds.). Handbook for counselors serving students with gifts and talents, 2nd ed. (pp. 63–83). Prufrock.
Google Scholar

Robert, J. A. (1984). A study of typologies of personal growth. [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Northwestern University.
Google Scholar

Robert, J. A., & Piechowski, M. M. (1981). Two types of emotional overexcitability: Conserving and transforming. In N. Duda (Ed.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on the theory of positive disintegration. Institute for Positive Disintegration in Human Development.
Google Scholar

Sagi, A., & Hoffman, M. L. (1976). Empathic distress in the newborn. Developmental Psychology, 12, 1975–1976.
Google Scholar

Shostrom, E. L. (1963). Personal Orientation Inventory. Educational and Industrial Testing Service.
Google Scholar

Szalavitz, M., & Perry, B. D. (2010). Born for love: Why empathy is essential—and endangered. William Morrow.
Google Scholar

Vuyk, A., Kerr, B. A., & Krieshok, T. S. (2016). From overexcitbilities to openness: Informing gifted education with psychological science. Gifted and Talented International, 31, 59–71. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332276.2016.1220796
Google Scholar

Wagstaff, M. (1997). Outdoor leader self-awareness and its relationship to co-leaders’ perceptions of influence. [Doctoral dissertation]. Oklahoma State University.
Google Scholar

Walker, N. (2021). Neuroqueer heresies: Notes on the neurodiversity paradigm, autistic empowerment, and postnormal possibilities. Autonomous Press.
Google Scholar

Wells, C., & Falk, R. F. (2021). The origins and conceptual evolution of overexcitability. Psychologia Wychowawcza, 20, 23–44. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.3816
Google Scholar

Wise, S. J. (2021). We’re all neurodiverse: How to build an neurodiversity-affirming future and challenge heteronormativity. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Google Scholar