Published: 2025-12-30

Dialogue in Education in Poland as a Path towards the Democratisation and Socialisation of Schooling – The Review of Perspectives and Approaches

Dorota Małgorzata Jankowska

Abstract

The author’s aim is to draw attention to the currently much-discussed phenomenon of dialogue in education and to the significance of its presence in the system of formal education in Poland, which for over 30 years has been implementing the idea of building an empowered and democratic society. In the context of defining the essence and functions of dialogue in education, the author asks whether the system of formal education is designed in a way that fosters the development of educational dialogue and, consequently, whether dialogue is in fact present in everyday school practice today. She presents the position that raising awareness of the essence and functions of dialogue in education, as well as reflecting on the conditions for its emergence, indicate directions of change for the educational system. Drawing on a critical analysis of the literature, the author refers to works significant for the discourse on dialogue in education by leading Polish theorists published over the last 30 years, to consider them in the context of legal regulations currently in force in Poland (primarily teacher education standards), as well as newly observed phenomena in education, also identified by practitioners. From a critical perspective, the analyses – considering the issue of the system’s openness/closure to educational dialogue – examine the problem of educational institutions freeing themselves from adaptiveness towards democratization and emancipation. The author identifies facts and phenomena important for the process of change in educational culture (the shift from an education based on domination and power towards an education of openness and community) and considers them in the context of barriers or opportunities for the democratisation and socialisation of the Polish school. The author observes that in expert assessments, critical voices dominate, pointing to the limited presence of dialogue in education. She indicates that although the process of change in the educational system, initiated by the socio-cultural transformation of the last decade of the twentieth century, has progressed, the pace remains unsatisfactory. According to the author, policymakers and practitioners responsible for organising and implementing the educational system, if they wish to make school a place of meaningful educational experience, must base it on dialogue and create conditions conducive to dialogue. In the interpretation presented, the diagnosis of the absence of genuine dialogue in formal education confirms the necessity of reforms in education.

Keywords:

dialogue, culture of dialogue, dialogue in education, democratisation of education in Poland, emancipatory education

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Jankowska, D. M. (2025). Dialogue in Education in Poland as a Path towards the Democratisation and Socialisation of Schooling – The Review of Perspectives and Approaches. International Journal of Pedagogy, Innovation and New Technologies, 12(2), 52–62. https://doi.org/10.71358/ijpint.2667

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