Abstract

This study aims to develop a theoretical model that explains the interaction between pandemic-related stressors and social media use during COVID-19, focusing on mental health impacts within ICT4D (Information and Communication Technologies for Development). Motivated by social media’s dual role—both as a support tool and a source of misinformation—this research highlights the importance of understanding these contrasting effects. Using a systematic literaturę review of 20 from 75 initially found peer-reviewed articles published from 2020 to 2024, we also conducted a focused meta-analysis to quantify the psychological effects of social media duringthe pandemic. This allowed us to validate key patterns across studies and provide more substantial empirical support for our theoretical model. Findings reveal that misinformation increased anxiety, depression, and social isolation, particularly among adolescents and individuals with preexisting mental health conditions. Conversely, social media also provided emotional support and facilitated information sharing. The proposed theoretical model offers insights into these dynamics, emphasizing demographic disparities. The findings underscore the importance of promoting responsible social media use, enhancing teletherapy, and regulating misinformation to improve public mental health resilience, contributing to a more effective and inclusive approach to ICT4D in addressing future crises.